The limits of independence and the use of carers by people with motor disabilities

Abstract

The article undertakes the issue of the limits of independence and the ways of using caregiver support by persons with motor disabilities. The analysis based on the latest data of the Central Statistical Office indicates that a significant part of persons with disabilities in Poland experiences limitations of a motor nature, which justifies the need for in-depth research on the quality of life and the level of autonomy of this group. The aim of the study was to determine in what way persons with motor disabilities perceive their own independence and how the help of a caregiver affects it. In the quantitative study, the author’s questionnaire “Support Scale and Independence” was used, which covered 50 persons using caregiver assistance. The obtained results indicate that the way support is provided significantly differentiates the level of experienced independence: help adequate to the individual’s capabilities strengthens the sense of autonomy, whereas a substitutive style leads to its reduction. Moreover, it was found that a higher level of perceived caregiver interference is associated with greater discomfort, especially in persons with a lower need for support. The conclusions emphasize the need to shape the caregiver–supported person relationship based on the principles of pedagogy, oriented toward partnership and strengthening autonomy.